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Qur'an |
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The Qur'an, whose name means "recitation" in Arabic, is the sacred text of Islam and the highest authority in both religious and legal matters. Muslims believe the Qur'an to be a flawless record of the Angel Gabriel's revelations to Muhammad from 610 until his death in 632 AD. It is also believed to be a perfect copy of a heavenly Qur'an that has existed eternally |
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The Qur'an is roughly the length of the Christian New Testament. It is divided into 114 surahs (chapters) of widely varying length, which, with the exception of the opening surah (fatihah), are generally arranged from longest to shortest. As the shortest chapters seem to date from the earlier period of Muhammad's revelation, this arrangement results in a reverse chronological order. |
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Each surah has a heading, which usually incorporates the following elements:
- A title (e.g. "The Bee," "The Cow") taken from a prominent word in the Surah, but one that does not usually represent its overall contents.
- The basmalah, a formula prayer (e.g. "In the name of God the Merciful, the Compassionate")
- An indication as to whether it was received at Mecca or Medina
- The number of verses in the Surah
- In 29 of the Surahs, fawatih, or "detached letters" of unclear significance. They may be abbreviations, initials of owners of early manuscripts, or have some esoteric meaning.
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Hadith |
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Hadith (Arabic for "narrative" or "report") is Islamic tradition: it is a record of the words and deeds of the Prophet, his family, and his companions. |
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Although not regarded as the spoken Word of God like the Qur'an, Hadith is an important source of doctrine, law, and practice. It is "revered in Islam as a major source of religious law and moral guidance" |
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Each Hadith consists of two parts: the tradition itself, or matn (for instance, the words of the Prophet) and the isnad (chain of authorities). The isnad indicates the human transmitters through which the tradition was relayed. |
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Shi'a Muslims do not generally acknowledge all of the Hadith above. Instead they have their own collections that focus on the sayings and virtues of the imams. The four canonical Shi'a Hadiths are those of: |
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One-Islam Muslims use only one Hadith, known as the Sahih Muhammad which references all Sunni and Shi'a Hadith but focuses on direct revelation concerning the truth of certain Hadith. |
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Ancient Source Scripture |
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Ancient Source Scripture are sacred texts that represent the true word of Allah that existed on Earth prior to the Holy Qur'an and are referenced within the true Holy Qur'an. |
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The True Gospels |
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The True Gospels are sacred gospel texts and teachings of Prophet Jesus that were rejected by Paul and the Sadducee High Priests that formed the false religion of Christianity to hide the Nazarene/Gnostic message of Jesus. |
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